risk factors of oral cancer

Lichen planus is a chronic condition that forms a rash or sores on the skin and inside the mouth, usually on the tongue, gums and lining of the cheeks. Having cancer of the esophagus, larynx, lung or cervix also increases your risk of oral cancer. © 2021 Canadian Cancer Society All rights reserved. Oral and oropharyngeal cancers are twice as Alcohol . The risk of oral and oropharyngeal cancer is greatly increased by 2 factors: Tobacco use. 2. Some studies have suggested that mouthwash with a high alcohol content might be linked to a higher risk of oral and oropharyngeal cancers. A weak immune system can be caused by certain diseases present at birth, the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), and certain medicines (such as those given after organ transplants). They may not go to the dentist very often to take care of their mouth. Gupta PC, Murti PR, Bhonsle RB, Mehta FS, Pindborg JJ. People who chew betel quid or areca nut have a higher risk of developing oral cancer, especially in the inner lining of the cheeks and lips. April 2017. For this reason, it’s important to know your risk factors and to take action on those that can be modified. The different types of HPV are usually given a number to identify them. Chewing betel, paan and areca is a major risk factor in developing oral cancer. Using tobacco , including cigarettes, cigars, pipes, chewing tobacco, and snuff, is the single largest risk factor for head and neck cancer. Oral cancer can occur at any age, but people over the age of 45 are at higher risk. Risk factors for developing oral cancer One of the biggest risk factors for oral cancer is tobacco use. All so you can live longer — and better. Presented in partnership with Desjardins. It isn’t known whether or not the following factors are linked with oral cancer. Study shows that it is possible to develop oral cancer even without smoking and drinking. Cancer Information, Answers, and Hope. GVHD occurs when the donor stem cells recognize the patient’s cells as foreign and launch an attack against them. The number of oropharyngeal cancers linked to HPV has risen dramatically over the past few decades. Find out more about precancerous conditions of the mouth. Patients may experience symptoms at an early age and may develop anemia or aplastic anemia. Discover how 16 factors affect your cancer risk and how you can take action with our interactive tool – It’s My Life! It's important for smokers who have been treated for oral cavity or oropharyngeal cancer to quit smoking, even if their cancer seems to be cured. (National Cancer Institute) Symptoms. Thus, it’s important to avoid risk factors to prevent oral cancer altogether. Lip and Oral Cavity Cancer Treatment (Adult) (PDQ®)–Patient Version. Whether you or someone you love has cancer, knowing what to expect can help you cope. Together, we’re making a difference – and you can, too. Can Oral Cavity and Oropharyngeal Cancers Be Prevented? Alterations in oral bacterial communities are associated with risk factors for oral and oropharyngeal cancer. If you […] It's also important for people who have been treated for oral cavity or oropharyngeal cancer to give up all oral tobacco products. Smokers are many times more likely than non-smokers to develop these cancers. People who chew betel quid or gutka have an increased risk of cancer of the mouth. Smoking. From basic information about cancer and its causes to in-depth information on specific cancer types – including risk factors, early detection, diagnosis, and treatment options – you’ll find it here. Smoking or using tobacco products increases the risk of oral cancer, especially if combined with high alcohol consumption. About Oral Cavity and Oropharyngeal Cancer, Making Strides Against Breast Cancer Walks, Common Questions About the COVID-19 Outbreak, Risk Factors for Oral Cavity and Oropharyngeal Cancers. Fair-skinned people also have a greater risk of developing lip cancer. Accessed at https://seer.cancer.gov/statfacts/html/oralcav.html on February 22, 2018. December 1, 2016. Not having any risk factors doesn't mean that you won't get it, either. Betel quid and tobacco are often chewed together, or betel quid may contain tobacco. There are different kinds of risk factors. 2017;93(1105):704-709. In Southeast Asia, South Asia, and certain other areas of the world, many people chew betel quid, which is made up of areca nut (betel nut), spices, lime, and other ingredients. Or write us. It could be a behaviour, substance or condition. Most people with oral cavity and oropharyngeal cancers use tobacco, and the risk of developing these cancers is related to how much and how long they smoked or chewed. More men than women develop oral cancer, and it occurs more often in men of African descent. However, some lifestyle factors that can reduce the risk of oral cancer … Some studies show that second-hand smoke may also increase the risk for oral cancer. They can infect the sexual organs (the penis in men or the vulva, vagina and cervix in women), the rectum and the anus. Oral Cavity (Mouth) and Oropharyngeal (Throat) Cancer, inherited defects (mutations) in certain genes. Oral cancer is rare in children and young adults. Smoking cigarettes, cigars or pipes increases the risk for oral cancer. Fanconi anemia is a blood condition caused by inherited abnormalities in several genes. Risk Factors The use of tobacco and alcohol are the two most important risk factors for cancer of the mouth. Clin Epigenetics. Learn more about these partnerships and how you too can join us in our mission to save lives, celebrate lives, and lead the fight for a world without cancer. But in most cases, it is impossible to rank them with absolute certainty. The type linked to throat cancer (including cancer of the oropharynx) is HPV16. 1 The two main factors which influence cancer are genetic and epigenetic. The risk of developing oral cancer increases with age and is greatest after 45 years of age. Some, such as your age or race, can’t be changed. One of the most important precautions that you can take for oral cancer is opting for regular oral cancer screening with your dentist, at least twice in a year. One of the types of cancers that many family caregivers worry about is oral cancer. Smoking is the single most important risk factor for oral cancer. It is interesting to note that even smokeless tobacco can lead to cancer of the cheeks, gums, and lips. More men than women develop oral cancer, and it occurs more often in men of African descent. While oral cancer can affect anyone, there are several risk factors that increase the likelihood of its development. > References : 1. The risk for oral cancer greatly increases when smoking is combined with using smokeless tobacco, drinking alcohol or both. Farquhar DR, Divaris K, Mazul AL, et al. Our doctors provide the answer. Previous studies have shown that performing oral sex is a strong risk factor for HPV-related oropharyngeal cancer. 2015;8(3):126-133. It may be that researchers can’t show a definite link or that studies have had different results. If you want to take good care of your dental health by avoiding oral cancer’s risk factors, keep reading. Having a risk factor, or even many, does not mean that a person will get the disease. There is convincing evidence that the following factors increase your risk for oral cancer. People who have a stem cell transplant may develop GVHD. Genetic syndromes: Some inherited genetic mutations, which cause different syndromes in the body, carry a high risk of oral cancer. Most people with HPV infections of the mouth and throat have no symptoms, and only a very small percentage develop oropharyngeal cancer. But risk factors don't tell us everything. HPV DNA (a sign of HPV infection) is found in about 2 out of 3 oropharyngeal cancers and in a much smaller fraction of oral cavity cancers. Sci Rep. 2017;7(1):17686. Tobacco and alcohol use are 2 of the strongest risk factors for oral cavity and oropharyngeal cancers. The risk of developing oral cancer increases with age and is greatest after 45 years of age. Cancer is one of the biggest concerns for the elderly amongst family caregivers. A person's risk for oral cancer increases the longer he or she smokes; although, on a more positive note, smoking cessation is linked to a significant decrease in risk. The worst part about oral cancer, just like most other forms of cancer, is the fact that you don’t get to spot the symptoms until it’s too late. A family history of certain cancers can be a sign of a possible inherited cancer syndrome. Oral sex and human papilloma virus-related head and neck squamous cell cancer: a review of the literature. Having lichen planus with ulcers in the mouth for a long time increases the risk of developing oral cancer. Postgrad Med J. Li S, Ni XB, Xu C, et al. Oral Oncol. Smokeless Tobacco (Snuff and Chewing Tobacco) Whether you want to learn about treatment options, get advice on coping with side effects, or have questions about health insurance, we’re here to help. This might be because men have been more likely to use tobacco and alcohol in the past. Some risk factors for oral cancer, such as being male or aging, are not preventable. Oral cavity and oropharyngeal cancers are more common in people who have a weak immune system. The hot beverage may cause damage to the cells in the mouth, which may develop into a cancer. Poor oral hygiene, which can lead to tooth loss, may also be linked to these cancers. The more risk factors a person has, the greater his or her chance of developing oral cancer. The habit is a very common one, especially on the Indian Sub-continent and Southeast Asia where it is responsible for 40% of oral cancers. Do you know the risk factors for oral cancer? For reprint requests, please see our Content Usage Policy. This is also a risk factor. Tobacco and alcohol use are 2 of the strongest risk factors for oral cavity and oropharyngeal cancers. Many people in these areas also chew gutka, a mixture of betel quid and tobacco. Your immune system can be weakened after an organ transplant or treatment for an immune system disease. A severe case may slightly increase the risk of oral cancer. A risk factor is anything that changes a person’s chance of getting a disease such as cancer. Tobacco and alcohol are the most important risk factors for oral cancer. Tobacco is, probably, the most common risk factor for OC. We couldn’t do what we do without our volunteers and donors. Cancer.org is provided courtesy of the Leo and Gloria Rosen family. Increasing the educational knowledge of the risk factors amongst the Southeast Asian population regarding the causes of oral cancer would prevent a reduction of the number of oral cancer cases. Overall survival may also be affected. Sun exposure increases the risk of developing lip cancer. Excessive sun exposure to your lips 4. Infection with HPV-18 may also increase the risk. Studying this possible link is complicated by the fact that smokers and frequent drinkers (who already have an increased risk of these cancers) are more likely to use mouthwash than people who neither smoke nor drink. Factors the use of any kind, including cigarettes, cigars or pipes can cause anywhere! With the following factors have been treated for oral SCC wearers overall related viruses among over... 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